What should an EMT do if they experience resistance while attempting to ventilate a child with a bag-valve mask?

When an EMT encounters resistance while ventilating a child with a bag-valve mask, easing the head forward slightly is often the most appropriate action. This adjustment helps to optimize the airway position and potentially relieve any anatomical restrictions that may be causing the resistance.

In children, airway anatomy and the positioning of the head are important factors in effective ventilation. The head position can greatly influence airway patency—if the head is too far back or in an inappropriate position, resistance to ventilation may occur. By slightly easing the head forward, the EMT can create a better alignment of the oral and pharyngeal cavities, which can lead to improved airflow and effective ventilation.

Changing the ventilatory device or forcefully attempting to push air into the lungs does not directly address the potential underlying issue, and could even worsen the situation. Checking for airway obstruction is essential in case of suspected blockages but may not immediately resolve the resistance encountered. Therefore, adjusting the head position represents a practical and immediate solution to assistance.