What is true about premature infants?

Premature infants, often defined as those born before 37 weeks of gestation, face a range of challenges due to their early arrival. One of the most significant concerns is their increased susceptibility to infection. This vulnerability stems from a variety of factors, including an underdeveloped immune system, which is not fully equipped to combat pathogens. The skin barrier, which serves as a primary defense against infections, is often thin and fragile in premature infants, making it easier for germs to enter their bodies.

Moreover, many premature infants also experience difficulties with organization of their bodily systems, which can further compromise their ability to fight infections. The likelihood of hospital-associated infections is also higher due to the circumstances under which many premature infants are cared for, often in neonatal intensive care units where invasive devices may be used.

In contrast, the other options suggest conditions that do not typically apply to premature infants. For instance, they struggle to maintain body temperature due to a lack of subcutaneous fat and an underdeveloped thermal regulatory system, making them less able to retain heat. Additionally, they are at an increased risk for respiratory difficulties due to factors like immature lungs and potential developmental issues related to breathing support. Therefore, the characteristic of being more susceptible to infection accurately reflects the significant